Mankhwala a Psychedelic popanda kuyerekezera zinthu ngati mankhwala


2021-05-01-Psychedelic mankhwala opanda ziwonetsero ngati mankhwala

Asayansi ofufuza zamankhwala opangira ma psychedelic apanga njira yodziwira ngati molekyulu ikuyambitsa malingaliro. Popanda kuyesa kwa munthu kapena nyama, koma ndimakina opangidwa mwapadera.

Njira yosavuta yosakhala hallucinogenic psychedelics itha kuthandizira kuchiza matenda monga kukhumudwa ndi PTSD. Umboni womwe ukukula ukusonyeza kuti mankhwala a psychedelic, omwe amagwira ntchito muubongo, amatha kuthana ndi matenda amisala monga kupsinjika pambuyo povutika kumakumana ndi zoyipa za hallucinogenic.

Sensor amaneneratu ngati molekyulu ndi hallucinogenic

Pakadali pano ndizosatheka kuneneratu ngati mankhwala omwe angakhale nawo angayambitse kuyerekezera musanayese pa nyama kapena anthu. "Izi zimachedwetsa kupezeka kwa mankhwala osokoneza bongo," atero a David Olson, katswiri wazamankhwala ku University of California, Davis. Kuti athane ndi izi, gulu lotsogozedwa ndi Olson komanso katswiri wazamaubongo Lin Tian adapanga sensa yamagetsi kuti aneneratu ngati molekyulu ndi ya hallucinogenic, kutengera kapangidwe ka cholandirira ubongo chomwe ma psychedelics amalunjika. Pogwiritsa ntchito njirayi, ofufuzawo adazindikira molekyu yofanana ndi psychedelic yopanda mawonekedwe a hallucinogenic yomwe pambuyo pake adapeza kuti imakhudza mbewa.

Kupeza kumeneku kumawonjezera kuyesayesa kopanga mankhwala kuchokera kuma molekyulu a psychedelic popanda zovuta, atero a Bryan Roth, katswiri wama pharmacology ku University of North Carolina School of Medicine ku Chapel Hill.

Kutheka kwa Psychedelic

Kafukufuku akuwoneka kuti akuwonetsa kuti mankhwala ena a psychedelic amatha kuthetsa zizindikiro za matenda aakulu a maganizo, kuphatikizapo kuledzera, PTSD ndi kuvutika maganizo kwakukulu, mwina pothandizira ubongo kupanga kugwirizana kwatsopano pakati pa neuroni. Mayesero opitilira azachipatala akuyesera kugwiritsa ntchito bowa pawiri psilocybin, LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), ndi MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti ecstasy) pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana amisala.

Koma mphamvu ya hallucinogenic ya mankhwalawa imawapangitsa kukhala kovuta kuyigwiritsa ntchito chifukwa omwe amalandila amafunika kuyang'aniridwa nthawi zonse, ndipo zotsatira za hallucinogenic zitha kukhala zovuta. Ofufuza ena tsopano akuyang'ana mamolekyulu a psychedelic omwe amakhala ndi mphamvu zochiritsira popanda zovuta zina za trippy.

Mankhwala a Psychedelic amachititsa kuyerekezera zinthu m'maganizo akamalumikizana ndi zolandilira muubongo zomwe nthawi zambiri zimamangirira serotonin, neurotransmitter yomwe imakhudza kusangalala. Koma si ma molekyulu onse omwe amamangiriridwa ndi ma serotonin receptors omwe amayambitsa kuyerekezera zinthu, Olson akuti. Chojambulira cha gulu lake chimakhazikitsidwa ndi kapangidwe kake kotchedwa serotonin receptor, yotchedwa 5-HT2AR, yomwe imasintha mawonekedwe mamolekyulu akamangiriza.

Momwe zimasinthira zimatsimikizira ngati malingaliro amapangidwa. Chojambuliracho chimalumikiza cholandikiracho ndi puloteni wobiriwira wa fulorosenti yemwe amawoneka mwamphamvu mosiyanasiyana kutengera mawonekedwe a cholandilira. Imakhala ngati "radar yokhoza kutulutsa hallucinogenic," akutero Tian, ​​kulola ofufuzawo kufunsa mwachindunji momwe molekyulu imagwirizanirana ndi 5-HT2AR komanso ngati kumangako kumapangitsa kuti cholandiracho chikatsegulidwe.

Kuwonetsa maselo

Ofufuzawo amafuna kuti awone ngati angagwiritse ntchito sensa kuti alosere za molekyulu za hallucinogenic. Anayamba ndikuwunika gulu la ma 83 omwe anali ndi mbiri yodziwika bwino yama psychedelic ndikuwayesa kutengera kuwala komwe kumatulutsa pakumanga. Pazinthu zonse, mayeso adaneneratu molondola kuthekera kwa hallucinogenic, Olson akuti.

Ofufuzawo ndiye adayesa mayesowo pazipangizo 34 zomwe zinali ndi mbiri yosadziwika ya psychedelic. Adazindikira molekyu yotchedwa AAZ-A-154 yomwe adaneneratu kuti imatha kulumikizana ndi cholandilira cha serotonin popanda kuyambitsa malingaliro. Mbewa zopatsidwa AAZ-A-154 sizinawonetse kupindika kwamutu, komwe kumalumikizidwa ndi malingaliro. Molekyuluyo imawonekeranso kuti imachepetsa zizindikiritso zama mbewa.

Ngakhale sizikudziwika bwinobwino momwe AAZ-A-154 ingagwire ntchito, njira yopezera ndi "njira yatsopano" yofufuzira ma psychedelics omwe si a hallucinogenic, Roth akuti. Ukadaulo waukadaulo ndi njira yotalikirapo pochotsera mankhwala a psychedelic kuchokera ku zotsatira zoyipa za hallucinogenic, achenjeza a Robert Malenka, katswiri wazamisala komanso wamanjenje ku Stanford University ku California. Ndizovuta kutanthauzira zovuta zamankhwala osokoneza bongo mu mbewa kwa anthu, ndipo pomwe kudziwika kwa AAZ-A-154 ndi umboni wabwino wa lingaliro la sensa, akuti, kugwiritsa ntchito njirayi pakuwunika kwa ma molekyulu kuyenera kupitilizidwa.

Werengani zambiri pa nature.com (Chitsime, EN)

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